Final challenge: the Earth's surface

Las preguntas de esta práctica

Puedes leerlas antes de empezar, hacerlas en un papel o repasarlas después. Cada una tiene su solución explicada.

1. 1 · Islands

   What is an island?

   How much water is around it?

   • a) Land with water on all sides
   • b) Land with water on three sides
   • c) A very dry place
   • d) A low area between mountains
   Ver la solución

   Respuesta: a) Land with water on all sides

   An island is a piece of land surrounded by water on all sides.

2. 2 · Archipelagos

   What is a group of islands close to each other called?

   Spain has two of them.

   • a) A peninsula
   • b) An archipelago
   • c) A mountain range
   • d) A dune
   Ver la solución

   Respuesta: b) An archipelago

   A group of islands is an archipelago, like the Balearic or the Canary Islands.

3. 3 · Peninsulas

   Spain and Portugal form the Iberian…

   Water on three sides.

   • a) Island
   • b) Archipelago
   • c) Peninsula
   • d) Plateau
   Ver la solución

   Respuesta: c) Peninsula

   The Iberian Peninsula has water on three sides.

4. 4 · Deserts

   Are all deserts hot and sandy?

   Think about Antarctica.

   • a) Yes, always
   • b) No: some deserts are cold and covered with rock or snow
   • c) No: deserts are always wet
   • d) Yes, and they are always near the sea
   Ver la solución

   Respuesta: b) No: some deserts are cold and covered with rock or snow

   Deserts can be hot or cold. Antarctica is the largest desert, and it is cold!

5. 5 · Deserts

   What do all deserts have in common?

   The key word is precipitation.

   • a) They get very little precipitation
   • b) They are all hot
   • c) They all have dunes
   • d) They all have rivers
   Ver la solución

   Respuesta: a) They get very little precipitation

   All deserts are very dry: they get little or no rain or snow.

6. 6 · Deserts

   Drag the missing word

   The wind blows the sand into low hills called…

   low hills of sand = ____

   Fichas: dunes · cliffs · peaks · valleys

   Ver la solución

   Respuesta: dunes

   Dunes are low hills of sand made by the wind.

7. 7 · Rocks

   What are all rocks made of?

   Solid materials found in nature.

   • a) Minerals
   • b) Water
   • c) Plastic
   • d) Plants
   Ver la solución

   Respuesta: a) Minerals

   All rocks are made of minerals.

8. 8 · Match

   Match each group of rocks with how it forms

   Three groups of rocks.

   1. Sedimentary
   2. Igneous
   3. Metamorphic

   • a) Changed by heat and pressure
   • b) Lava from volcanoes cools
   • c) Layers pressed together
   Ver la solución

   Respuesta: Sedimentary → Layers pressed together · Igneous → Lava from volcanoes cools · Metamorphic → Changed by heat and pressure

   Sedimentary = layers · igneous = volcanoes · metamorphic = heat and pressure.

9. 9 · Rocks

   Why do scientists find fossils in sedimentary rocks?

   Think about what makes the layers.

   • a) Because the layers can include the remains of dead sea animals
   • b) Because they come out of volcanoes
   • c) Because they are made in very hot places
   • d) Because they float
   Ver la solución

   Respuesta: a) Because the layers can include the remains of dead sea animals

   Sedimentary rocks form from layers of sand, clay and shells, so living things can be trapped in them.

10. 10 · Magma and lava

    What is the difference between magma and lava?

    Where is the melted rock?

    • a) Magma is under the surface; lava has come out of the volcano
    • b) Magma is cold; lava is hot
    • c) They are two kinds of sedimentary rock
    • d) There is no difference
    Ver la solución

    Respuesta: a) Magma is under the surface; lava has come out of the volcano

    Melted rock under the surface is magma; once it comes out of a volcano it is called lava.

11. 11 · Match

    Match each rock with its group

    Use what you learnt in lesson 7.

    1. Limestone
    2. Granite
    3. Marble
    4. Pumice

    • a) Igneous
    • b) Igneous, and it floats
    • c) Metamorphic
    • d) Sedimentary
    Ver la solución

    Respuesta: Limestone → Sedimentary · Granite → Igneous · Marble → Metamorphic · Pumice → Igneous, and it floats

    Limestone is sedimentary, granite and pumice are igneous, and marble is metamorphic (made from limestone).

12. 12 · Metamorphic rocks

    Slate is a metamorphic rock made from…

    A sedimentary rock made from clay mud.

    • a) shale
    • b) granite
    • c) basalt
    • d) sand
    Ver la solución

    Respuesta: a) shale

    Heat and pressure change shale into slate.

13. 13 · Comparing

    Antarctica is ___ than the Sahara Desert.

    Compare two deserts.

    • a) cold
    • b) colder
    • c) the coldest
    Ver la solución

    Respuesta: b) colder

    To compare two things: colder than.

14. 14 · Because or so?

    Basalt is an igneous rock ___ it is formed by volcanoes.

    Is it the reason or the result?

    • a) because
    • b) so
    Ver la solución

    Respuesta: a) because

    'It is formed by volcanoes' is the reason, so we use because.